Snow Falling On Cedars Essays - Puget Sound, Snow Falling On Cedars

Snow Falling On Cedars I have to admit, when I first started reading this book, I had a problem with trying to stay awake: I found the writing dry. Then slowly as characters were introduced, a mystery started to unfold, and tension between neighbors rose, I could not put the novel down. Whether it was the vivid descriptions of the snow banks, or the emotional accounts of the townspeople, David Guterson's novel, Snow Falling on Cedars is a true piece of literary art. Snow Falling on Cedars is the fictional account of a Japanese immigrant, Kabuo Miyamoto who is on trial for the murder of a fisherman, Carl Heines. The majority of the residents of San Piedro have already found Kabuo guilty simply because of his race, physical stature, and history as a soldier. Guterson weaves this relatively simple tale through the eyes of many people giving points of view that are sometimes lost in stories of prejudice, thus creating a complex story where one finds themselves simplifying with every party involved. By doing this, Guterson establishes an emotional connection between the readers and the characters. The characters, although physically different, are very similar in that they don't trust anyone who is different than they are. For instance, Carl Heine's mother always believed that Kabuo was glaring at her. She felt that he was sneaky and was going to try and steal away her land. Through this statement, we see how some of the white residents feel about their neighbors from the Far East. Guterson also makes it known that the older Japanese do not trust the White's either when we read the conversation between Hatsue and her mother. Hatsue's mother tells her that the whites are evil and deceitful and will try and take away her purity. By writing these conversations, Guterson shows us that a lot of anxiety is built between different cultures when they do not understand each other. Snow Falling on Cedars has found a place in my heart. Up until the last chapter I was convinced that this story was just a cheap rip-off of ?To Kill A Mockingbird?, yet in the last chapter justice is served, and an innocent man walks away. This is one of the main reasons I liked this book. I identified with the characters, I established a connection, while the whole time hoping they would do the right thing, and as we know, they do not let me down. Ishmael comes to the Miyamoto family with his news about the freighter, and they approach the sheriff with it. I was a little worried at this point that Ishmael was going to remain bitter about loosing Hatsue, but as was my initial feeling he did do the right thing. I think that was one of the major themes that this book was portraying, although people are different and have very strong conflicting emotions, we are all humanitarians and we will do the right thing. I feel this book ties in well with the ?Washington State History? class. One can read about Washington's high amount of trees, yet one cannot appreciate them nearly as well as I did when reading Snow Falling on Cedars. Snow Falling on Cedars had a certain charm to it, something I connected with as a long time resident of this State. For instance, when Ishmael is making his way to his mother's house, and he is describing the chaos that the snow has created, ?Looking out past the windshield wipers Ishmael saw billions of snowflakes falling in long tangents, driven southward, the sky shrouded and furious. The wind propelled the snow against the side of barns and homes, and Ishmael could hear it whistling through the wing window's rubber molding, which had been loose now for many years.?(320) I am reminded of my days growing up in the Cispus Valley where scenes like this were frequent in the winter months. The strawberry farms are another good example. Some of the descriptions that Guterson used to capture the beauty of these fields were as if they were mine. I remember working summer jobs in strawberry fields in Orting and the long aisles of strawberries were indeed quite beautiful and did have a great aroma. Perhaps the most important part of Snow Falling on Cedars is the descriptions of the Japanese Internment Camp. Maybe this is my fault, however I like to consider myself well in tune with history, but I had no idea how bad the Japanese were treated. To think, while we were in

buy custom The Canadian Biotechnology Company essay

buy custom The Canadian Biotechnology Company essay This section reviews the issue of the Canadian company on how it should go about manufacturing and distributing the goods that they produce. The first option available is that of manufacturing the good at the home country and letting the distribution to be carried out by some middle people. It should be taken into consideration that the biotechnology company wishes to venture into a new region and as such there is the need to for the company to get an intermediate who best understands the market dynamics of the new place that they wish to open their products to. The following is an analysis of this option in terms of the advantages and disadvantage: The sales agents will only provide needed expertise for the specific job giving it high flexibility on whether to establish a long term consulting relationship- in this manner it becomes easy and convenient to handle such kind of expansion. Another advantage which is likely to accrue from the use of agents is that there will be a great field of experts to make a choice from. Furthermore the experts will be wiling help out in case of some unforeseeable situations concerning the distribution of the goods. It will cut down on the costs because the distributors are hired on a as needed basis. This will ensure that paid services are made use of when they are extremely needed. Lastly, it will be of great significance because the agents can be recalled in case of some advise concerning further distribution of the goods thus they will like a resource to the biotechnology company (Kuglin and Hook, 2002). If the company decides to manufacture the product at home but set up a wholly-owned subsidiary in Europe to handle marketing this will rovide better coverage of local issues as well as an on the ground presence for developing future business in Europe. The advantages and disadvantages associated with this kind of manufacture distribution strategy is covered below. Making the manufacturing process to be based at the home grounds will make it easy for monitoring of the manufacturing process to be properly carried out. In most cases the technology and production mechanism are based at the home grounds of a company; this will act as an assurance that the goods will be produced will be exclusively of the right standards and which will meet the customer requirements. This will create customer satisfaction and will ensure that the customer remain loyal to the firms goods. Though it can be argued that the distribution might be problematic due to the factor of distribution expenses but this can be overlooked for the sake of satisfying the customers. Meeting the customer requirements and expectation can be viewed as the top priority at this point of the company since it is venturing into new markets where there is a need for the creation of a market presence. Setting the manufacturing units at the home grounds has couple of disadvantages: the manufacturing units being far from the market will incur transportation. It might not be possible for the firm to take advantage of abrupt short term demands for their goods. There is a likelihood of missing out on cheap labor at the distribution region (Kuglin and Hook, 2002). If the company decides to go into a joint venture with a large European pharmaceutical company, it will not be involved in the large overhead of setting up and maintaining a branch office (Glover and Wasserman, 2003). This brings about the following advantages and disadvantages: Mainly the Biotechnology Company will take advantage of the economies of scales. The company will not have the overhead involved with direct hires. It can argued that there are fewer bureaucratic constrains on hiring oversees persons as consultants rather than as full-time employees (Culpan, 1993). Forming a joint venture with the large company positions the Canadian biotechnology at a gaining position. There is likelihood that the company will gain more and new skills in the pharmaceutical world. The Canadian company is also to be introduced into new markets. Forming a joint venture with a large company also has its limitations. Due to the fact that the large company will more at stake, it is likely to dominate in the issues of major decision making. At times this might lead to making of decisions which might contradict the business policies of the Canadian Biotechnology; it can be argued that joint ventures sign memorandum of understandings but also it should be noted that the loarge will have more responsibility to making of decisions (Badertscher Reese, 2007). There are numerous reasons, benefits, and pitfalls available to the company whichever path it takes, but I will recommend that it goes into a strategic alliance, because besides the pros given this will boost its credibility in the eyes of its customers and also it will enjoy economies of scale. It will also be able to expand its geographic reach. Strategic alliance can be quite beneficial to a corporation especially if the company trying top form an alliance is not established yet. Through an alliance, a company is stretched to maximize its potentials Buy custom The Canadian Biotechnology Company essay

Tips For First-Class Essay To Upgrade Your Degree

Tips For First-Class Essay To Upgrade Your Degree Recommendations For Writing The Best First-Class Essay And Leveling Up Your Degree This article will be dedicated to the first-class essay writing, how you can create it and use for improving your chances to graduate from the university with a first overall. Recent reports inform that more students in the USA/UK are regularly awarded a first-class degree, comparing to the previous years. This is not surprising that some people consider this is that result of decreasing university standards. Students now pay for their education and there are some assumptions that universities want to fulfill their clients’ desire to get â€Å"privileges†. Sure, this can be a reason for the increasing number of first-class graduates. But this also can be resulted by the fact that students improved their researching and writing skills and become able to write better first-class works. They now know better how to make examining notes etc. Moreover, they often share some recommendations and tips with each other that allow more students to improve their results. Why this information can be useful to you? Well, if you think that now you have more chances of ad an undergraduate to be rewarded with first-class, you should better hold the horses. To achieve a first-class degree, you need to work hard and be dedicated to the subject of your study. Regardless of the reasons for an increasing number of first-class degree holder, the following things are very likely: Universities will make their standards even stricter. They will revise the criteria for awarding graduates with first-class degrees and the works for this degree will be estimated closer; Due to the increasing number of graduates with first-class degrees on the job market, HRs will expect this in any other applications by default. How to get a First? So, do you want to get your own new and shining first-class degree after you graduate? Sure, you would not mind getting an extra prof for your professionalism. That is why you need to know more about what can make you stand out considering your goals. Here are some tips: Try to write your first-class essay and constantly practice to improve your skills. It is obvious that the more you write and develop your writing skills, the more chances you will have to get the highest overall. Moreover, getting first-class after your essay is not to the complicated task anyway. But we will get back to this later. Deepen your knowledge of the subject. When you read an essay, you can tell almost for sure whether the author of it was engaged with the topic and the subject and got into every detail. It is also noticeable when the text is written only with understanding the basics. Learn how to express your thoughts and expertise. Even if you have learned every possible material on your subject and know everything about your topic, you still require skills to express your expertise fluently. You need to know how to implement your knowledge into the problem-solving activity. It is daunting when the person has the deepest knowledge in the topic but cannot convey it. If you have received feedback that you need to improve your text, trying to express the thoughts in your own word, use this as an opportunity to improve your skills. Use all the available tools for improving your writing such as online tutorials, mentors or university writing workshops. Almost every university provides help for students in order to help them to improve their skills, especially in writing. Usually, they take place in the libraries. You can also look for Tutoriage blog and study its posts to get general tips and advice on academic writing. Moreover, such services can be a great place to ask for writing assistance. 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We will talk more about it further in the text, but now you need to get the main idea that sometimes you may require to act controversially and be skeptical towards your own work. You also have to be prepared to make a step back sometimes. If you have ever seen the poker game where only professionals take part in, you might have noticed that even the best player leave the table sometimes. But be sure, they do so because it is their choice. What is a First-class essay exactly? We have talked about various things like risks, enhancing expertise, looking for opportunities to express your thoughts etc. But it may sound too abstract. People who write such essays may have a different point of view on the creating process. But we all will agree to the same look of the first-class essay and that it has the same features, regardless of the topic or subject: The accurate following of the points from the assignment. You may consider that it goes without saying – follow the points in your brief. But can you tell for sure that you study the brief good before start writing? When it comes to the first-class essay, the main features of it would be originality and creativity. But following the instructions is on the same importance level. If you have previously composed guidelines on how your essay should look like, follow the given instructions. You can take some notes on the most complicated points to may more time to them. But you need to check with the brief from time to time in order to walk in the right direction and exclude cases when you need to rewrite everything from the very beginning. Protect yourself from the situations when you have written a great essay from scratch, but not following the brief will spoil all the impression about it. Yes, originality is really important. But the accuracy is as much important and if you meet all the requirements, you will get all the credits. Use clear and understandable argumentation. 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This even may lead to the changing of the way of teaching etc. So the students who want to get a first-class degree should be aware of this and realize that they also can influence the direction of knowledge development. There are two main things you need to pay attention to considering this. Firstly, you need to select the sources of information carefully and in accordance with your subject. Secondly, take into consideration the style of those sources. You can incorporate the way the respectable scholar write and use similar phrases, like openings or the conclusions etc. Shortly speaking, your essay should be presented in the following way: Clear purpose, integrated structure, original arguments and confident presenting of thoughts. Sure thing, you will not become a master in essay writing in a blink of an eye. You need time to practice and learn all these aspects. But constant work on this will definitely bring you closer to the level that first-class degree holders deserve. But now use some tips that will help you on your way: An early start There are high chances that you will have a lot on your plate during the term. If you have access to the syllabus, take some notes on what essays it will include and what tasks you will need to cover. Think about them in advance. If your studying starts in September, find some time during the summer to prepare for future work. This is the time when you can easily define the areas that will be interesting to you. As soon as your module starts, you need to realize that it is never early to start working on your essay, even if the deadline is far. Do not miss the opportunity to choose the most interesting topic, as other students may also be engaged with the same things. As soon as you have got it, you can start reading about it, collecting sources of information and stimulate your own critical thinking. Read beyond the syllabus Regular students often consider that if they have got a reading list, all they need to do is just read it. They do not look beyond it. And as soon as they have done â€Å"all the reading†, they think that their task is completed. But being a first-class student you need to realize that the reading list is just a starting point. You can use it as a source of origins and stories connected to your topic. Having this approach, you will find materials that will be above the one that is offered in the syllabus. Research the literature offered in the syllabus and look for the original sources of the thoughts that are disclosed there. Often there are suggested simplified versions or materials that were sourced from the original and more complicated scholar works. In the syllabus, those materials are presented in a form of overview for easier understanding. But if you will find the full version of the work, you will get a deeper understanding of the topic and may find some useful points as well. Create your bibliography during the research Take notes of what sources and materials you use during your research. This will definitely save some of your time later. But collecting all the sources from the syllabus and during the research can be time-consuming as well. So you need to take advantage of the special referencing tools that save your time on organizing the sources. You need to make a habit to add all the sources you use to these tools like software for bibliography creation or similar. Ask your tutor or other students whether your university has a subscription to the premium tools like RefWorks or Endnote. There might be available free version of Zotero as well, and it will be enough for collecting sources. Usually, these tools are based on adding DOI to your text while working on it. This method is the most informative as this identifier keep all the details about the source and the reader may refer to it (if it is an open source). We also advise you to organize your researches and divide it into the categories. This will help you to find the required source, if needed and to cover all the aspects without missing any. Create your own topic ideas, and consult with to your tutor Even if you like to work alone and skip meetings with your tutor, you need to do so if you want to work on your first-class essay. This is the sign of your serious attitude to the thing you do. Visit every meeting with your tutor as often as possible. Use them as an opportunity to discuss all your ideas and find the right direction for topic disclosing. If it is allowed, create your own topic to make sure it will be interesting to you and original. If you do not know whether it is possible to do so, ask whether you have this opportunity. 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You may be tempting just to rewrite the materials of other scholars and simply express their thoughts in other words. This may be caused by the fact that you have read a lot of works on this topic and you â€Å"borrow† the point of view of the scholars. But this approach cannot bring you closer to a first-class degree as, apart from the deep knowledge of the topic and scholars thoughts; you need to express in your essay your own positions about everything in it. You need to think what thoughts you share and what ideas do not relate to you. Ask yourself some questions like: Do I share this opinion? Why? Why not? What arguments can help me to defend my position? Take some time to think about these things on every stage of your researching and essay writing. This is the right approach if you want a first-class degree. Sure, there is a risk that you did not understand some fundamentals correctly. And eventually, your argument will be built on the wrong fundament. But it is a part of our life when we can make mistakes and chose the wrong direction. You do not have to be embarrassed or disappointed in yourself. Being a gambler, you will be able to cope with these realities. After all, you always can consult with your tutor. Ask him/her to reread your essay or the first drafts and correct some critically wring aspects. Is it worth the risk? Sure! We all understand that risks in academic writing can exist. But following the guidelines from this article as well as recommendations of your tutor will allow you to minimize cases of failures. Moreover, you will definitely grow as an academic. People who will estimate your essay will consider this as well, but they will show what aspects of your essay do not fit. Even if your risks will not work out, you will definitely get much higher than you could by playing the safe â€Å"2:1† zone. So anyway you will get a higher mark and will enhance your writing skills. 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Conway Inn & Restaurant Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conway Inn & Restaurant - Research Paper Example We removed the franchise tag in the late 1980s because the customer flow was excellent, and there was no need to pay the franchise fee; therefore, we made it into an independent hotel. Conway Inn and Hotel has been a Better Business Bureaus (BBB) accredited enterprise since mid-2010. The BBB came to the determination that Conway Inn and Hotel complied with its accreditations standards. These include the organization’s commitment to resolving all complaints of the consumer in good faith. Nestled in Panhandle, Texas, the Conway Inn and Hotel is a traditional establishment that seeks to be successful in today’s business environment. It has a living room style eating area, a traditional pub area, as well as comfortable fireside sofas. The establishment also has an outdoor area for guests when the weather is permissive. In the hotel and inn areas, there are blackboard areas that offer daily seasonal specials, classic pub favorites as well as some of the establishment’ s own quirky dishes. The bar area has a great wine list while also serving a selection of ales, all available by the glass and the bottle. In the past few years, the customer flow has slowed, and we can see that trend by looking at the registration logs, which we keep for our records to show us the rate of drop. By offering amenities such as refrigerators in the rooms, a free Wi-Fi connection, and cab services for tipsy guests, the organization has always been popular with locals and a preferred hotel for those traveling through the town. However, Conway Inn & Restaurant began to suffer a downturn in the customer flow in 2010, and this decline has been a major area of concern ever since. The organization used to have diverse visitors of various races, but of late, a trend towards senior citizens has been seen, which has reduced the customer flow drastically. This concern has caused the organization to cut back on some of its services such as the discounted cab services. The reduced customer flow has also led to staff layoffs, although this has not been on a large scale. With the decrease in the customer flow, Conway Inn & Restaurant has been forced to cut back on its discounted cab service as discussed. While Conway Inn & Restaurant has always tried to offer the best possible services to its customers, this has become more difficult with the decrease in the customer flow. At the present time, the management is even considering scaling back on its room service as well as subletting some of its rooms. This decision is because Conway Inn & Restaurant has been trying to cut back on costs given the reduced revenue stream. The loss of the discounted cab service altogether would be a big loss given that it has been a major selling point for the organization, especially for the inn customers. I work as a manager with Conway Inn & Restaurant, where I started in 2009. It is under my watch as a manager that the customer flow has decreased, and for this reason, I feel it is up to me to find the underlying cause of the issue and come up with workable solutions. The long time employees at Conway Inn & Restaurant often remember with nostalgia the days when customers would turn back to the inn as well as the fully booked hotel rooms in summer. Last summer, we only had half occupancy, which shows the problem is stark. The recent state of the customer flow has given the employees reasons to worry, as there are constant rumors of layoffs. Problem Statement Conway Inn & Rest

Is President Obama’s nuclear non-proliferation policy realistic Essay - 1

Is President Obama’s nuclear non-proliferation policy realistic (Policy Brief) - Essay Example President Obama also announced willingness to negotiate with North Korea and Iran to stop nuclear proliferation not withstanding other issues with these nations (Allison, G. & Dillon, D. 2010). The policy also urges nations without nuclear arms to stop acquisition and permits access to nuclear energy. These objectives can be achieved by strengthening international inspections with more resources and authority and the implementation of rules to foil black markets, uncover and intercept the trafficking of nuclear materials and use financial instruments to interrupt nuclear trade (President Obama speech on Nuclear Disarmament 2009). ii. The willingness of President Obama to hold wide ranging and direct talks with Iran provides the best opportunity to build a cooperative relationship and an acceptable agreement through an effective policy can even prevent the nation from building nuclear weapons plant and stabilize the surrounding region (Bertram, C. 2009). iii. The decade long favouritism of British people towards investment in nuclear weapons has taken a turn with their opinion to scrap all nuclear weapons instead of building a new nuclear weapon plant which is a positive sign for collective action from nuclear weapon powers (Glover, J. 2009). iv. The disarmament of United States can provoke nuclear proliferation in small size because the deterrence factor will not prevail thus increasing the prospects of more Irans and North Koreas in future (Mazol, J. 2009). iii. Suggested voluntary and forced nuclear disarmament aspects are (i) global adherence to IAEA safeguards (ii) rules to prevent withdrawal from NPT and hold nations responsible for violations of NPT (iii) compulsory adherence to Additional Protocol to use peaceful nuclear technologies and (iv) automatic penalties for nations that violate safeguard agreements (Pifer, S., Cirincione, J. & Gaddy, C. 2010). Russia’s consent to

Marketing Management of Nokia

Marketing Management of Nokia Dr. Jim McCleskey Introduction    Nokia is a Finnish corporation, which is founded in 1865. At beginning they started as a ground wood pulp mill. In 1967 this Corporation was founded by merging the companies. In 1978 it has started to explore digital phone network. Mobile network was founded in Scandinavia in 1981; which was initially for car phones. In 1994 Nokia introduce the 2100 series, whose sell 20million phones around world. Up to 1998 Nokia became world leader in mobile phones market. From 1996 to 2001 Nokias turnover increases from  £6.5bn to  £31bn. Nokia introduces first mobile phone with a built-in camera in 2001, called Nokia 7650. After a year Nokia launches its first 3G phones, Nokia 6650. 3G technology phones can be used for browsing web, download music, watch TV and much more. Overview of the Case Nokia entered India market with services of mobile phones in 1995. It was leading name for cell phones in India working with an aim to connect people. Indias telecom sector opened up to private companies after a year Nokia entered to the market. Nokia made giant assembly plant of Vis and component suppliers, by hand with cheap labor, 8000 full time jobs out of a figure of 30.000 mostly women were hired (MNSambit, 2010). First Indian ringtone Saare Jahan Se Accha- was on the phones in 1998. As we all know India is the 2nd most populated country in the world so we can understand why Nokia choose to be in that market. In 2000 Nokia introduced its first phone with a user menu in Hindi, in Nokia 3210. In 2002 Nokia introduced their first camera phone for Indian customers. So Nokia was absolutely determined about dominating the telephone sector in India. For the latest information about the mobile subscribers that we can find out is that there were 500 million subscribers in India. Mobile phone sector in India is gigantic with 118 million mobile users and 85 million of this users are Nokia users. While reaching this amount of users Nokia didnt just stay in only one sector they did wire cables, rubber works, in-house electrical device and etc. this helped them to extend all-over the world. Marketing Issues and Concepts Nokia was directly concentrating on the Rural India. The total targeted population they estimated were almost 100 million. The users were commonly males. But female users were also not commonly less. The users of the Nokia phone was aged between 25 and 50, which is the segment that makes up 80% of the Nokia mobile phone market. Nokia targeted to stay in the market for more than 30 years. But as we know the era of Smartphones appeared. So teenagers and mostly business class people start to ask for something different and something new. Nokias decline starts when its rivals arrives in 2004 on arrival of smartphones, Nokia 9210 was the first mobile phone with an organizer. Nokia developed the mobile phones with Symbian OS, with which capabilities were expended. But Apple came up with IOS on their IPhones; which brought new definition to smartphone. Apple introduced iPhone in a way like minicomputer that could make phone calls. Nokia didnt upgrade their phones like the iPhone and still u sing Symbian OS. Nokias market shares move more downwards when Samsung came into market with their smartphones. At that period Nokia didnt do anything to change itself. Nokia was sticking with the old version of mobile phones that were mainly about calling people. Nokia was unable to notice that they were just making some updates about checking e-mail, surfing and on messaging. In 2011 Nokia has united with Microsoft. The new Windows Phone was going to replace the Symbian OS with smartphones. It was estimated that the union would make Microsofts Windows Phone a stronger rival against iOS and Android. This new phone by Nokia was called Lumia line. Lumia line sale was increased more than 1 million before 26 January 2012. Continuously in second quarter sales reached up to 5.4 million Windows Phones. The sales of the Lumia line went up, in the second quarter of 2013 Nokia announced that Lumia sales were 7.4 million, which was a new record for Nokia. In 2013 Nokia get back to profit afte r a series of losses, Microsoft buys Nokias handset business for  £5.44bn. Nokia not only failed to realize competition from Apple, Samsung, Sony, and Blackberry in high end smartphones, they also failed to notice the stiff competition in the lower segments of phone (KaranKamboj, 2014). We can easily say that, Nokia dramatically lost its place on market share. The less you keep up with the case the less you live. Even if they had the slogan of Know our Past, Create the Future they couldnt figure-out the consequences of ignoring the Smartphones and they couldnt create their future. Questions Should Nokia pursue full market coverage, market specialization, product specialization, selective specialization, or single-segment concentration? Why? According to Forbes newspaper Nokia has been losing its market share in a faster rate. In 2009 Nokias market share in India was 54% and it declined to 36.3 % in middle of 2010. With this decline the market share dropped to 20% in 2016 (Trefis Team, 2016). Nokia has tried to keep its market share by a product specialization inventing dual SIM card system. As a result, cell phones with dual SIM card become very popular till the smart phone invention. Nokia had limited social networking system or smart phone industry system which caused rivals to increase their market share in India. Therefore, Nokia should concentrate more on below marketing. Single-segment concentration will not be enough to compete with others. Product specialization, selective specialization- in order compete with other carrier Nokia needs to increase social networking feature. Market specialization- Nokia has been inventing its tools to different demographic groups. Providing icon-based menu consisting of pictures and Hindi SMS Saral Mobile Sandesh. Full market coverage- since entrance to Indian market Nokia has been widely working with telecommunication to use the network. Should Nokia provide post-purchase service by identifying the service that consumers value the most, and the relative importance of each? Any marketing need to provide post-purchase service/s in order to know what consumers value. Nokia has been opened Nokia Priority Dealers across the country and Nokia Concept Stores. Would technological convergence lead to technological obsolescence? Any technological convergence lead to technological improvement to Nokia. Since other competitors/rivals Samsung and Apple by adding a new and improved technological convergence tools they have been increasing their market shares. For instance, social networking system. Will responding to heightened competition with a number of models lead to product cannibalization in Nokia? Since day by day a competition is increasing tremendously, therefore Nokia has been introducing new models of handsets such as Lumia, Asha, Nokia X, Nokia E series to respond to high demand of consumers. However, all series have their different profit margin. In order to compete and increase its market share Nokia needs a technologic cannibalization more often and balanced. Conclusion Nokia has been an industry leader for many years however the market has changed quickly and Nokia must right itself. There is a significant risk for Microsoft it should deliver a world class OS or otherwise the customers will turn to Apple and Android.(MNSumbit,2010) When Nokia had a scenario and tried to increase their market share on a Lumia series they aimed to stand on market for a long duration. And Lumia series was Nokias appliance to challenge with smartphone market. But Nokia didnt respond on time and get late to introduce Lumia series, if they would respond on time, in 2007 or 2008, they would have a greater market share as compared to its existing position. But Nokias market share will grow because Nokia is introducing smartphones of substantial quality for almost every budget. e.g. Nokia Lumia 520 is a cheap smartphone, which can do everything unlike expensive Lumia. But its features are of less quality. Samsung brings a wide range of smartphones in market to increase their market share. Samsung is going to capture market with their different models. Nokia is also supposed to use that strategy to increase their market share; produce every budget Lumia versions of the consumer. Nokia still needs to compete with the recent and future tre nds. If not they are not going to adjust with the market they will make loses as we learned from the history. References Mishra,S. (2010). Nokia Case Study [PPT format]. Retrieved from http:// http://www.slideshare.net/mnsambit/nokia-case-study-52866723?next_slideshow=1 Kamboj,K. (2014). Failure of Nokia [PPT format]. Retrieved from http:// http://www.slideshare.net/karankamboj313/failure-of-nokia Raghavan Srinivasan, S., Ramakrishnan, S., & Grasman, S. E. (2005). Marketing intelligence. Kapil Nayan, K., Mukherjee, J. (2011). Case Studies in Marketing. Team T., (2016). Great Speculations.

Discuss the use of literary technigues Essay

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is a very accomplished book because of Austen’s clever and successful use of literary techniques. Literary techniques refer to the deliberate construction of language to further the story whether that be to develop character, plot, suspense or to create an enjoyable humorous novel. Jane Austen applies many literary techniques such as point of view, dialogue, letters and irony to tell the story of Pride and Prejudice. Pride and Prejudice is told in third person limited omnipresent point of view but mainly told through Elizabeth’s consciousness. This point of view is a successful narrative technique because it gives an insight into the characters, mainly Elizabeth’s thoughts, and also helps to create suspense. This technique also arouses the reader’s sympathy for Elizabeth because we can see that she is being honest to herself, which is essential if we are to desire her reform. â€Å"The officers of the-shire were in general a very creditable, gentlemanlike set. And the best of them were of the present party; but Mr Wickham was as far beyond them all in prison, countenance, air, and walk. † (pg65) This is Elizabeth’s opinion of Mr Wickham that is later found out to be completely wrong but the reader can see her sincerity. By using this technique Austen can also control how much the reader knows about event and emotions which helps to create suspense. In the first section of the novel Austen occasionally reports form Darcy’s consciousness so that the reader is made aware of his growing feeling for Elizabeth and to highlight that Elizabeth was prejudice when she made a wrong judgment against Darcy. â€Å"Darcy had never been so bewitched by any woman as he was by her†. In Pride and Prejudice she does not report from Darcy’s point of view during the period between her two proposals, so that the reader, like Elizabeth, is uncertain whether he is ‘lost forever’. The dialogue in Pride and Prejudice is very successful in developing characters and advancing the plot. Austen brings her characters to life by having them reveal themselves or other characters reveal them to the reader through their dialogue, rather than through detailed narrative descriptions. â€Å"Oh! you are a great deal apt you know, to like people in general. You never see a fault in any body. All the world are good and agreeable in your eyes. I never heard you speak ill of a human being in my life. † This dialogue reveals Jane as being amiable, good-natured, and always assumes that others are as good-natured as she. In chapter three Darcy’s dialogue reveals his character to Elizabeth as being too proud. He thinks himself socially inferior to Elizabeth so declines from asking her to dance. This is one instance were the dialogue helps to create Elizabeth’s wrong judgement of Darcy and thus advancing her prejudice. â€Å"She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me; and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better return to your partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me. † (pg13) Darcy’s sense of social superiority later proves his chief difficulty in admitting his love for Elizabeth. This dialogue also helps to advance the plot as his rudeness creates a negative impression of him in her mind, one that will linger for nearly half of the novel, until the underlying nobility of his character is gradually revealed to her. The dialogue within Pride and Prejudice is a very significant part of the novel as it is a way revealing to the reader the characters and the plot progression. In addition to using dialogue, Austen also successfully uses letters to reveal character and to further the plot. The use of letters also allows Austen to introduce a character before they arrive such as Mr Collins in the letter of chapter 15. The letter is a popular literary convention that Austen weaves very cleverly into her novel. The letter in Chapter 7 from Jane to Elizabeth is an example of how Austen uses this technique successfully. â€Å"I find myself very unwell this morning, which, I suppose, is to be imputed to my getting wet through yesterday. † This reveals Jane to be good hearted and none judgmental of her mother even though it was Mrs. Bennet who intentionally sent her out into the rain. Jane did not once say it was Mrs. Bennet’s fault. The way Jane describes the Bingley sisters as ‘my kind friends’ also reinforces her warm heart. â€Å"therefore do not be alarmed if you should hear of his having been to me. † Even though Jane is the one that is unwell she is always looking out for others so she sends the letter to reassure Elizabeth and make sure she does not worry. The letter also demonstrates character relation as Jane sent it to Elizabeth showing that they have a close relationship. This letter also furthers the plot because as a result of this letter Elizabeth decides to visit Jane at Netherfield, which put Darcy and Elizabeth in more frequent and honest contact with each other. Just this one letter proves that the letter convention is a very successful narrative technique. Irony is the tension between literal meaning and implied meaning. Austen is able to present the main themes, criticise some characters and add humour through the use of irony within Pride and Prejudice. Jane Austin establishes her ironic tone in the opening sentence of Pride and Prejudice. â€Å"It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. † However the opposite is the case. The truth is well fixed into the district, that he is already considered the rightful property of one of their daughters. It now becomes a competition for which mother has the daughter who gets him. Jane Austen treats the characters in Pride and Prejudice with irony. Mr Bennet is a prime example as he himself is a very sarcastic and ironic character. â€Å"What say you Mary? For you are a young lady of deep reflection I know, and read great books, and make extracts. † (pg9) Mr Bennet is being ironic because he knows that all Mary does is repeat what she reads and doesn’t actually understand it so he is really poking fun at Mary. This is also dramatic irony because the reader knows that Mr Bennet is not serious, but Mary takes him seriously. Austen uses irony as the basis for the plot. The whole story is based around an ironic situation. Elizabeth prides herself on her observation of character but dislikes Darcy because she is under the mistaken impression that he disapproves of her. She is also mistaken by liking Wickham because he flatters her pride. In both cases she has judged incorrectly and begins her reform when she is given the truth in Darcy second proposal letter. The humour in Pride and Prejudice comes from this irony and from Austen’s gentle Satire. She laughs at human folly and social structure. Austin satirises Lady Catherine de Bourgh unmercifully as a member of the autocracy. Jane Austin laughs at how Lady Catherine believes so strongly in the distinction between classes. Lady Catherine believes because she is in a higher class that she can influence whoever she wants but Austen is saying that the superiority in social class does not necessarily mean superiority in ethics, morals and intellect. Verbal and dramatic irony are a very successful literary technique in Pride and Prejudice as they create humour and criticise and develop characters. Jane Austin constructs Pride and Prejudice through the use of four main narrative techniques. Third Person omnipresent point of view mainly through Elizabeth’s consciousness has the advantages of allowing the reader to sympathise with Elizabeth while being able to give the reader the narrative objectively. Austen’s use of dialogue allows her to reveal the character without giving a long narrative description. The use of a letter is proved very vital in Pride and Prejudice because plot and character development can be created in a couple of lines. Irony is also an important technique as it is the basic plot and creates the humour of the novel which is a great attraction to the reader.